Glycolic Acid

INCI Name: Glycolic Acid
Molecular Formula: C₂H₄O₃
Alternative Names: Hydroxyacetic Acid

Description

Glycolic Acid is a colourless, odourless, crystalline solid or powder that is well known for its ability to exfoliate the skin. It is the smallest molecule in the alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) family, which allows it to penetrate deeply into the skin. Glycolic Acid helps remove dead skin cells, improve skin texture, and brighten the skin tone. It is often used in creams, lotions, face washes, and professional chemical peels.

Benefits and Uses

• Removes dead skin cells to reveal smoother, fresher-looking skin.
• Improves skin texture by reducing roughness and uneven patches.
• Helps fade dark spots, acne scars, and pigmentation.
• Boosts collagen production, which can reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.
• Unclogs pores, making it helpful for acne-prone skin.
• Used in exfoliating creams, face washes, toners, and professional peel treatments.

Concentration and Solubility

• Commonly used at concentrations of 2% to 10% in daily skincare products, and higher (up to 70%) in professional treatments.
• Highly soluble in water, which makes it easy to add to most cosmetic formulations.

How to Use

• Add Glycolic Acid to the water phase of your formulation, adjusting pH to a safe skin level (around pH 3.5 to 4).
• Store in airtight containers away from direct sunlight to maintain stability.